ABSTRACT
Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an uncommon malignant tumor, usually fatal, primarily affecting older adults and doesn't have effective systemic therapy. The median survival is less than 6 months from diagnosis. Brain metastases are low frequency and reach 18 percent. We present the case of a patient with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid who takes an aggressive form, becoming anaplastic carcinoma, with involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) manifested by paralysis of the cranial nerve IV, which is rare clinical condition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Thyroidectomy , Biopsy , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Fatal Outcome , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/surgery , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/pathology , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
El carcinoma anaplásico de tiroides es uno de los tumores sólidos más agresivos que se conoce. La quimioterapia, la radioterapia o la cirugía aplicadas de forma independiente son prácticamente inefectivas en el tratamiento con intención curativa, pero cada una de ellas puede ofrecer diversos grados de paliación. Aunque no existe una terapéutica estándar, el tratamiento multimodal agresivo es el que logra mejores resultados. El principal objetivo de cualquier esfuerzo terapéutico debe ser lograr el control cervical local de la enfermedad, para evitar la muerte por asfixia y de modo secundario prolongar la vida que casi invariablemente termina a causa de enfermedad metastásica extensa. Actualmente, el tratamiento correcto y enérgico de las enfermedades que lo originan, principalmente los carcinomas diferenciados de esta glándula, constituye la mejor profilaxis de tan abominable cáncer(AU)
Thyroid anaplastic carcinoma is one of the well-known and more aggressive tumors. Drug therapy, radiotherapy or surgey, applied in an independent way, are practically ineffective in the treatment with curative intention, but each of them can offer different grades of palliation. Although there is not a standard therapeutics, the aggressive combined modality treatment allow us to obtain better results. The main goal of the therapeutic effort should be the achievement of the local cervical control of the disease to avoid death from asphyxia and, secondly, to prolongue life, which almost invariably ends as a cause of extensive metastatic disease. At present, the proper and energetic treatment of the diseases causing it, mainly the differentiated carcinomas of this gland, are the best prophylaxis of this so abominable cancer(AU)